You may have seen these strange-looking insect in the northeastern United States. Have you heard the call to destroy spotted lanternflies on sight? Have you wondered why this innocent-looking bug has such a bad reputation? What are spotted lanternflies? Where do they live, and how can you identify them? Find the answers to these questions, and learn how to build the best type of spotted lanternfly trap.
What Is a Spotted Lanternfly?
According to PennState Extension, “The spotted lanternfly (SLF) is an invasive insect that feeds on grapevines and trees.” It is a type of jumping insect known as a planthopper.
What Do Spotted Lanternflies Look Like?
The spotted lanternfly is small, about 1 inch long, and resembles a moth when its wings are open. As its name suggests, it has black spots on its grey to reddish wings. The wingtips are also black or mottled, and the rear wings have a splash of bright red. Adults can also jump long distances. The nymphs or mature form of the spotted lanternfly also have spots. The weevil or beetle-like insects may be black or black and red with white spots. This unique coloration makes them easily recognizable.
Where Do Spotted Lanternflies Live?
Spotted lanternflies originated in Asia, where they are an important part of their native ecosystems in Vietnam, India, and China. They have been found in Pennsylvania, USA, since 2014. They have also been detected in New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Delaware, Connecticut, Virginia, and West Virginia. Efforts have been made to control their spread, but they may soon be found in other New England states. Japan and South Korea are also battling this invasive species.
Why Trap a Spotted Lanternfly?
Spotted lanternflies can be damaging to certain plants. This is especially a problem when the trees or grapevines are cultivated for commercial use. In fact, it eats or lays eggs on nearly 200 North American plant species, including pine, apple, plum, cherry, and peach trees. Though they do not bite, groupings of insects can also be a nuisance to people. Spotted lanternfly infestations can damage or kill plants. They eat sap from the trees, leaving wounds that can become infected. The sugary excrement of the nymphs can also invite sooty mold to grow on the host plant. Grapevines attacked by these insects typically produce no fruit. Some management systems employ insecticides to kill spotted lanternflies, but this poses an additional problem. Insecticides also kill beneficial bugs, like bees and predatory insects that feed on pests. Using a trap is an effective way to reduce spotted lanternfly populations with minimal impact on other species. A dish soap spray is a safer alternative to pesticides. Mix equal parts water and dish soap in a spray bottle, and mist adults, nymphs, or eggs. The mixture kills spotted lanternflies on contact but is safe for people, pets, and most plants.
How a Spotted Lanternfly Trap Works
Immature lanternflies, known as nymphs, often feed in the tree canopy. If they are blown out by the wind, the still-flightless insects march up the trunks of trees to return to the upper branches. Several types of traps take advantage of this behavior by capturing nymphs on their upward climb. One trap type is a sticky band placed horizontally around the tree trunk. This method is effective at halting the nymphs, but unfortunately, it can also capture other insects and even small reptiles and birds. A metal mesh can be placed around the band that allows the nymphs to pass through while keeping larger creatures out. This trap style is generally not recommended. The second type of trap is known as a circle weevil trap. It is so named because it was originally designed to catch pecan weevils, which also walk up trees. Circle traps consist of a tunnel of insect screening that the insects walk into and a collection container that creates a dead-end. These types of traps can be purchased commercially, or you can easily make your own. It is considered the best option for trapping lanternflies. Next, we’ll consider the materials needed and the steps involved in creating a lanternfly circle trap.
How to Build a Spotted Lanternfly Trap
Lanternfly traps can be purchased commercially, or you can build your own. Here’s what you’ll need for DIY.
Spotted Lanternfly Trap Materials: What You’ll Need to Build the Best Spotted Lanternfly Trap
For the collection container, you can use a clean peanut butter or mayonnaise jar, or a large plastic Ziploc-style bag. The bag option makes for easier cleanup, as you can seal it and toss it, rather than emptying dead, stinky bugs from a jar into a trash receptacle. It also bends, allowing the captured insects to fall into a corner. This keeps the entryway of the trap from becoming clogged. Make sure that the jar or bag you choose is clear and not tinted, as the insects tend to move upward, toward the light. Dirty or opaque containers will stifle this behavior. You will also need a window screen, wood, wire, plastic milk jugs, duct tape, hot glue, staples, zip ties, and twine or a similar cord. The screen should be a rectangle around 2 to 3 ft. If placing your trap on a very large tree, you may need more. Some people report that a plastic-coated screen works better than a bare wire screen. For the wood, you may use readily available materials, such as yardsticks or paint stirrers.
Step 1: Make a Funnel
Cut the tops from the plastic milk jugs and attach them to one another, with the spouts facing inward and the cut edges facing outward. Put a bead of hot glue around the joint and then secure with duct tape. The result should be a double-sided funnel.
Step 2: Attach the Screen
Cut a small half-circle-shaped notch from the top edge of the window or insect screening. This semicircle should be about 1 inch long. Then, attach the screening to one opening of your funnel. Use the notch to work the material around until it covers the inside of the funnel and overlaps on the edges. Secure it with hot glue. Be patient – allow the glue to dry as you work. Then, attach it to the bottom edge of the funnel using hot glue.
Step 3: Build the Supports
Cut one piece of wood to a length of 18 inches. Staple it to the bottom of the funnel, within the mesh. Then, staple the mesh to the wood. Draw the ends of the mesh together to create the “tunnel.” Secure the ends to a smaller piece of wood, about 12 inches in length. Then, make a large “U” shape with the wire. Attach it to the bottom of the mesh, centering the shorter piece of wood above it and opposite the longer piece of wood. Depending on the wire, you might weave it through the mesh or secure it with staples.
Step 4: Set the Trap
Attach your trap to the tree. Tie the funnel of the trap to the tree using twine or cord. Avoid using nails or screws, as these will damage the tissue of the tree. Secure the non-wired half of the screen to the trunk, with the longer piece of wood braced against the trunk. You can use cord or push pins to do this. The mesh should be flat against the tree so that the insects much crawl onto it and not under it. Arrange the wire so that it pushes the side of the trap with the short piece of wood away from the tree, forming the tunnel.
Step 5: Assemble the Collection Container
Set up a collection container on the top of the funnel. If using a jar, deform the funnel so that it slides inside the mouth of the jar, then seal the opening with tape. If using a plastic bag, slit one corner so that it will fit over the funnel. Cinch it tight using a zip tie. Make sure the zippered side is firmly closed.
Step 6: Check Your Trap
Remember to check and empty your trap often, even daily. Why? A full trap will become clogged and you will not catch any additional spotted lanternflies. Also, the dead insects will soon begin to rot and stink if the trap is not emptied.
Where Should I Place My Trap?
You can attach the trap to any tree infested with spotted lanternflies. Walnut, willow, and tree of heaven are often hosts to these insects. Try to select trees with smooth bark. Trees with rough or deeply grooved bark are not good candidates, as the nymphs will walk through the bark furrows under the trap!
Preventing Spotted Lanternflies
Spotted lanternflies can hitchhike on plants, building or landscape materials, or outdoor furniture obtained from infested areas. Inspect materials and wash them with dish soap if possible to remove and kill nymphs and eggs. Another tip for getting rid of them is to make a homemade spray using natural ingredients that are repellent to them like rubbing alcohol, vinegar, and water, or cider vinegar and dish soap. Certain scents also repel them like oil of lavender, spearmint or peppermint oils, tea tree oil, and rosemary.
Up Next…
Here’s some more articles that provide information on spotted lanternflies:
What Eats Spotted Lanternfly: Do They Have Predators? If you’re having issues with spotted lanternflies, it may help to become aware of any predators they have.How to Get Rid of Spotted Lanternflies Those pesky spotted lanternflies! Here’s our suggestions to rid yourself of them.What Do Lanternflies Eat? 16 Foods in Their Diet Ever wondered what a lanternfly’s diet consists of? Read on to find out.
